Wow, there are a lot in Cantonese Chinese. This classic clever illustration from a decade ago recently resurfaced (how apropos) and it shows many of the idioms/proverbs used in Cantonese, though not all are food related. The website, also offers the meaning behind the proverbs.
These are some of my favorite or most amusing food/cooking or related idioms and the # based on the descriptors on the site:
(#7) To trick a ghost into eating tofu.
It’s always said in the context that something is too outrageous to believe.
(#20) To sell steamed cake on top, and grass jelly down below (the site incorrectly translate this as glass jelly). See
A more modern idiom to mock someone who is bundled too much on top, but wearing little on the bottom. A term usually to mock young women fashion where they will have sweaters, gloves and scarfs on, but wear short skirts when they go out.
(#21) To hang a goat’s head, but sell dog meat.
A cheating/lying business trying to sell an inferior product.
(#23) A spilled basket of crabs
Just a weird phrase to describe a chaotic or frantic problem/scenario. My sister and I will say this to each other because of a movie we watched years ago.
(#25) Cooking telephone congee.
Good congee takes a long time to break down the rice and to achieve the perfect texture, so this is describing someone who talks on the phone for hours. What I used to say to describe my mom all the time back in the old days.
(#26) Winter melon and tofu.
It’s a strange euphemism for having an accident, or having any bodily harm.
(#36) A blind man eating tang yuan (glutinous rice balls/mochi balls in soup)
A phrase meaning someone knows exactly what is going on or what is owed/needed to settle the score.
(#37) To eat “slipper” rice.
A kept husband/man. 
(#39) To eat from the top of the rice bowl, and then to invert it.
Used to describe someone who betrays you. A similar phrase in meaning, but not on this page is “After performing a vegetarian offering ritual, you toss the monk to the side”. Upon death, it’s common for families to invite a monk to hold a ceremony with vegetarian offerings and other rituals to send the dead on their way with improved karma.
(#40) Eat a dead cat.
Taking blame for something you didn’t do. Usually said in context to be “forced to eat a dead cat” 
(#64) To prop up the rice cooker lid like a dead chicken.
Being stubborn and not giving up. Not backing down, especially when the person should be because of an error or mistake.
(#65) Stir fried squid.
To be fired from a job.
Not illustrated here in this photo or page: Eyes are wide, while your stomach is narrow. Meaning you often order more than you can eat. Your “wide eyes” will capture everything appealing, but you then can’t fit them into your smaller or narrower stomach.
(But I try to rein it in online, since there’s no tone or facial expression.)
